Citric Acid
💚Good
pH Adjuster
Exfoliant
Chelating Agent
AHA
What it is
An alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from citrus fruits. It is primarily used in small amounts to adjust the pH of products, but can also function as an exfoliant.
How it works
As a pH adjuster, it lowers the pH of formulations to a desired range. As an exfoliant, it works by dissolving the bonds between dead skin cells on the skin's surface, promoting shedding. As a chelating agent, it binds to metal ions to improve product stability.
Benefits
- Adjusts product pH to ensure stability and efficacy.
- Provides mild exfoliation to smooth skin.
- Has antioxidant properties.
Formulation notes
Effective concentration: <1% for pH adjustment; 5-10% for exfoliation.
pH range: Effective as an exfoliant at pH 3.0-4.0.
Stability: Stable.
Safety
Irritancy: Low
Comedogenicity: 0
Warnings: Can increase sun sensitivity when used as an exfoliant.
Ratings
Paula's Choice: Good
INCIdecoder: no-take